When words fail them, creative writers imagine entirely new ones. Author Patti Callahan Henry examines fictional language, from the words of Tolkien to her own. Our editors and experts handpick every ...

In this one-hour activity, students gain an understanding of the nature of human communication and foster a scientific view on languages. Through class activities, games, reading, and analysis, ...

From a friendlier way to write WebAssembly to a visual language for machine learning, these 11 programming tools could redefine the way you write software. Was it Alexander Pope who said, “Hope ...

Some programming languages, such as Rust, Go, or TypeScript, are cool. Others, including Cobol and Java, are regarded as dull. However, while Java, which turned 30 on May 23, may not be the most ...

For decades, coders wrote critical systems in C and C++. Now they turn to Rust. Many software projects emerge because—somewhere out there—a programmer had a personal problem to solve. That’s more or ...

The original version of this story appeared in Quanta Magazine. Imagine you had a friend who gave different answers to the same question, depending on how you asked it. “What’s the capital of Peru?” ...